10 Health Conditions That Affect Fertility (and What You Can Do About Them)

women fertility medicine

If you’re trying to conceive and not getting the results you hoped for, it’s natural to feel frustrated, confused, and overwhelmed. What many people don’t realize is that it’s an opportunity to dig deeper into underlying conditions that may be driving the challenge. Sometimes, underlying health conditions can silently disrupt your reproductive system. The following are some conditions your practitioners may look further into.

As a naturopath, I often see patients who have been told “everything looks normal,” yet their cycles are irregular, their energy is low, or conception just isn’t happening. In many of these cases, common but often overlooked health conditions are contributing to fertility challenges.

Here are 10 of the most common medical and hormonal conditions that can affect fertility in both women and men and what you can do to support your body naturally.

1. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility, affecting 1 in 10 women. It’s characterized by:

  • Irregular or missing periods

  • Elevated androgens (male hormones)

  • Insulin resistance

How it affects fertility: PCOS often leads to anovulation—the absence of ovulation—which means no egg is released for fertilization.

Naturopathic support:

  • Balance blood sugar with whole foods

  • Support ovulation with herbal medicine and acupuncture

Working with a naturopath for fertility can be especially beneficial for women with PCOS, as naturopathic medicine focuses on addressing the root causes of hormonal imbalances through natural, personalized approaches. PCOS is a leading cause of infertility, and naturopaths often use a combination of nutrition, herbal supplements, lifestyle changes, and targeted fertility medicine to support ovulation and improve reproductive health. By taking a holistic view of the body, a naturopath can help women regulate their cycles, reduce symptoms like insulin resistance, and increase their chances of conception—naturally and sustainably.

2. Hypothyroidism or Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Your thyroid regulates metabolism and hormones, including those involved in ovulation and menstruation. Even subclinical hypothyroidism can affect fertility and the viability of the pregnancy. We recommend asking your practitioner for a thyroid panel as part of your preconception planning.

How it affects fertility:

  • Disrupted ovulation

  • Miscarriage risk increases

  • Irregular cycles

Naturopathic support:

  • Test TSH, Free T3, Free T4, and thyroid antibodies

  • Address nutrient deficiencies (selenium, iodine, zinc, iron)

Working with a naturopath for fertility can be especially beneficial for women with hypothyroidism, as naturopathic medicine focuses on restoring hormonal balance and supporting overall thyroid function through natural, personalized care. Hypothyroidism can significantly impact women’s fertility by disrupting ovulation and menstrual regularity, but a naturopath can address these issues with targeted nutrition, herbal supplements, lifestyle adjustments, and supportive fertility medicine. By treating the root causes and optimizing thyroid health, a naturopath helps improve reproductive function and increase the chances of a healthy, natural conception.

3. Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a painful condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, often affecting ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the pelvic cavity.

How it affects fertility:

  • Inflammation impairs egg quality and implantation

  • Scar tissue can block the fallopian tubes

Naturopathic support:

  • Anti-inflammatory diet (rich in omega-3s, cruciferous veggies)

  • Curcumin and NAC (N-acetylcysteine) supplements

naturopathic medicine takes a holistic approach to managing inflammation, hormonal imbalance, and pain—key factors that affect fertility in this condition. Endometriosis can interfere with implantation and egg quality, but a naturopath can support reproductive health through personalized nutrition, herbal therapies, lifestyle changes, and natural fertility medicine. By focusing on the root causes and improving overall pelvic and hormonal health, a naturopath can help women with endometriosis enhance their fertility, increasing chances of conception and working complementary to your practitioner and if you are pursuing IVF.

4. Irregular or Missing Periods (Amenorrhea)

Irregular or absent menstruation often points to deeper hormonal issues such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, PCOS, or thyroid dysfunction.

How it affects fertility:
No ovulation = no chance of natural conception.

Naturopathic support:

  • Address stress and cortisol imbalance

  • Restore healthy weight if underweight

  • Use gentle herbal support (like Vitex or maca) to encourage cycle return

5. Insulin Resistance or Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin is not just a blood sugar hormone—it also affects ovulation and sex hormone production.

How it affects fertility:

  • Disrupts hormonal signaling

  • Increases androgens and impairs egg development

Naturopathic support:

  • Low-glycemic, anti-inflammatory diet

  • Movement to improve insulin sensitivity

  • Cinnamon, berberine, or inositol as natural insulin regulators

6. Low Progesterone / Luteal Phase Defect

Progesterone is essential for maintaining a pregnancy. Low levels can shorten your luteal phase (the second half of your cycle), making implantation difficult.

How it affects fertility:

  • Difficulty conceiving or early miscarriage

  • PMS, spotting before period

Naturopathic support:

  • Vitex (chaste tree) to support ovulation

  • B6, magnesium, and zinc

  • Address stress and adrenal fatigue

7. Adrenal Fatigue / HPA Axis Dysfunction

When your body is under chronic stress, your brain prioritizes survival over reproduction. This can suppress ovulation and sex hormone production.

How it affects fertility:

  • Irregular or missing ovulation

  • Hormonal imbalances (estrogen dominance, low progesterone)

Naturopathic support:

  • Adaptogenic herbs (ashwagandha, rhodiola)

  • Cortisol testing and nervous system regulation

  • Prioritize rest, sleep, and nervous system care

8. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs, often resulting from untreated STIs like chlamydia or gonorrhea.

How it affects fertility:

  • Can cause scarring or blockage in the fallopian tubes

  • May result in ectopic pregnancies or infertility

Naturopathic support:

  • After acute treatment, support with immune-strengthening herbs

  • Anti-inflammatory nutrition and detoxification support

  • Castor oil packs or abdominal massage to reduce adhesions

9. Male Factor Infertility

Fertility isn’t just a women’s issue—40–50% of infertility cases involve male factors, such as low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology.

How it affects fertility:

  • Fewer viable sperm to fertilize the egg

  • Increased risk of miscarriage if DNA fragmentation is high

Naturopathic support:

  • Antioxidants: CoQ10, zinc, selenium, vitamin C, and E

  • Avoid heat (hot tubs, laptops on lap) and toxic exposures

  • Lifestyle support: reduce alcohol, smoking, and stress

10. Autoimmune Conditions

Conditions like lupus, celiac disease, and autoimmune thyroiditis can contribute to inflammation, hormonal imbalance, and immune dysfunction that impairs fertility.

How it affects fertility:

  • Increased miscarriage risk

  • Poor implantation or embryo development

  • Hormone disruption

Naturopathic support:

  • Identify and eliminate food triggers (gluten, dairy, etc.)

  • Gut healing protocols

  • Anti-inflammatory supplements and gentle immune modulation

🧬 Final Thoughts: Treat the Root, Support the Whole

Fertility is not just about your reproductive organs—it’s about your whole body, your hormones, your mind, and even your environment. By identifying and addressing the underlying health conditions that may be affecting your cycle, you’re not just increasing your chances of conception—you’re supporting your long-term wellness, too.

✅ Need Help Navigating Your Fertility?

I offer individualized, root-cause fertility support for both women and men. Whether you're trying to conceive naturally or preparing for IVF, a personalized plan can help you move forward with confidence.

📞 Book a consultation today and let’s uncover what’s standing in the way of your fertility—naturally.

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How to Repair Your Cycle Naturally: Fertility Tips from a Naturopath

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Women’s Fertility Medicine: A Naturopath’s Holistic Approach to Conception